GLOSSARY OF FULA, ARABIC AND OTHER AFRICAN TERMS. Alhaji (Kr. and F.) Title of respect for male who has completed the Hajj. bantara (F.) Cassava. bapa (F.) Classificatory kinship term usually glossed as father's brother. bataa (F.) Favourite wife. bengu maudon (F.) Senior wife. butube'de (F.) "Bush cat", possibly civet. chernor (F.) Scholar; equivalent to the Arabic 'alim. denda (F.) Cross-cousin. fambul (Kr.) Family. farrba (F.) Praise-singer and historian. Formerly a hereditary occupation. funye (F.) "Hungry millet" or funde. garanke (F.) Cobbler and leatherworker; possibly hereditary and endogamous group. gore (F.) Usually translated into Krio as rank; i.e. person of equal age and/or status. Haja (Kr. and F.) Title of respect for woman who has completed the Hajj. hajj (Ar.) Pilgrimage to Mecca. halfingol (F.) "To hold on someone's behalf"; refers to the arrangement whereby a herder will look after cattle belonging to another. hu'go (F.) Fenced cattle corral. imam (Ar.) Individual who leads prayers in the mosque; the leader of the Muslim community. Jamaa (F.) Celebration, festivity; from the Arabic for 'crowd' jihad (Ar.) Literally, struggle: refers to the Muslim "holy war" to spread Islam. jinna (F.) Djinn.

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jubinti (F.) The Moharrem festival. (Ar.) kaaba (F.) Maize. kanda (Kr.) Husk rice. karamoko (Ma.) Teacher or scholar; equivalent to the Arabic 'alim. koingal (F.) Blackquarter (cattle disease). kosan (F.) Skimmed sour milk. lau'be (F.) Woodcarver, woodcutter; an occupational category. lenyol (F.) A vague term designating descent, lineage, clan or "nation". mara wumo (F.) Husk rice. met (Kr.) Co-wife. (Derived from the English 'mate'). nendi maro (F.) Clean rice. nene (F.) A kinship term usually glossed as mother. The term is also used to show respect and/or affection to elder non-kinswomen. ne'ugol (F.) To mind or to look after; to foster. paboyl res (Kr.) Parboiled rice, i.e. cleaned rice. Pulaar Burruwe (F.) 'Bush Fula' or possibly 'Cattle Fula'. The term is clearly from the same root as Bororo. Ramadan (Ar.) The fast month. rank (Kr.) An equal in age and/or status. reme (F.) Parallel cousin. rumirrgol (F.) Rainy season settlement. runde (F.) A slave settlement; usually a farming village. sababu (Kr.) Benevolence, goodwill sas (Kr.) Difficult, bad tempered. se'dingol (F.) Dry season settlement. silbaadere (F.) Short cow rope. sinabe (F.) Co-wife.

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suudu (F.) House or shelter. tariqa (Ar.) Literally a way or path. tene (F.) Gift of cattle and/or gold given to the bride by the groom as part of the marriage payments. This payment, which may be announced at the mosque, is often spoken of as "insurance"; payment of tene is said to ensure that the husband will have full rights over his progeny. tipuru (F.) Temporary dry-season hut. tupal (F.) A mixture of termite-nest earth, salt and herbal medicines fed to cattle every three months or so. warri (Kr.) Cattle camp; a corruption of wuro (F). wilobe (F.) Blacksmith. An occupational category. wuro (F.) Usually refers to cattle camp. May also refer to a larger unit consisting of a cattle camp and an associated small farming settlement. yaka (F.) Zakat (Ar.), (see below) zakat (Ar.) Annual tithe for the poor, prescribed by Islamic law.

Abbreviations: F. = Fula   Ma. = Mandingo   Kr. = Krio   Ar. = Arabic

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